East Sussex Appeals Tribunal as reported 30th August 1916.
"Mr. A. Hilton, 31, rabbit and vermin killer, was granted an additional six months exemption. His application was supported by Mr. Ingram (representing the Board of Agriculture) and Mr. Waldman who appeared on behalf of the farmers. Hilton was well known in the Alfriston district and kills thousands of rabbits yearly."
Wednesday, May 7, 2008
Thursday, January 24, 2008
Lighting Restrictions
Lighting Restriction came in place on all costal town's in April 1915, after the threat of Zeppelin raids.
This report from the Eastbourne Gazette on 2nd August 1916, is about a lady form Leicester who when visiting was Eastbourne showed a light from her hotel window.
"A Lady from Leicester
Mrs. Harriet Frishby, of the Grand Hotel was summoned in respect of an unsolicited light.
Mr Harold Glenister representing the defendant who did not appear and was stated not to be in good health.
Police Sergeant Geer was on King Edward Parade at 11.30pm on July 20 when he saw a lady pull up the blinds of a room at the Grand Hotel. He waited a few minutes. As the light was not put out he called at the hotel and saw the porter who took him to the room. Defendant said that she resided at Leicester and had been in the habit of pulling up her blinds.
Mr Glenister in reply to Councillor Fox said there was a warning notice in every room in the hotel, but the defendant had overlooked it.
Defendant was fined 15s, the light being visible from the sea."
This report from the Eastbourne Gazette on 2nd August 1916, is about a lady form Leicester who when visiting was Eastbourne showed a light from her hotel window.
"A Lady from Leicester
Mrs. Harriet Frishby, of the Grand Hotel was summoned in respect of an unsolicited light.
Mr Harold Glenister representing the defendant who did not appear and was stated not to be in good health.
Police Sergeant Geer was on King Edward Parade at 11.30pm on July 20 when he saw a lady pull up the blinds of a room at the Grand Hotel. He waited a few minutes. As the light was not put out he called at the hotel and saw the porter who took him to the room. Defendant said that she resided at Leicester and had been in the habit of pulling up her blinds.
Mr Glenister in reply to Councillor Fox said there was a warning notice in every room in the hotel, but the defendant had overlooked it.
Defendant was fined 15s, the light being visible from the sea."
Tuesday, January 22, 2008
Hawking on the Seafront
This report from the Eastbourne Gazette from 25th July 1917, concerns the unfortunate case of a lad who 'Hawked' neswpapers on the seafront.
I was glad to see that good sense prevailed and he was 'let off' with a caution.
"Children’s Court
Frederick Brown, 14, of Cavendish Place who stated that he was employed by Mr Abel, newsagent, was summoned for hawking newspapers on the parade on July 16.
Parade Inspector Dann deposed to being on the central parade when his attention was attracted by a boy shouting “London papers”. He went to the to the top of the parade and saw defendant, who admitted that he was aware that he was doing wrong and added, “I have done it before.”
The Chief Constable remarked that the boy took charge of the stand on the Front and that he knew all about the by-law.
Defendant said he only did it to oblige the gentleman.
With a magisterial caution the case was dismissed."
I was glad to see that good sense prevailed and he was 'let off' with a caution.
"Children’s Court
Frederick Brown, 14, of Cavendish Place who stated that he was employed by Mr Abel, newsagent, was summoned for hawking newspapers on the parade on July 16.
Parade Inspector Dann deposed to being on the central parade when his attention was attracted by a boy shouting “London papers”. He went to the to the top of the parade and saw defendant, who admitted that he was aware that he was doing wrong and added, “I have done it before.”
The Chief Constable remarked that the boy took charge of the stand on the Front and that he knew all about the by-law.
Defendant said he only did it to oblige the gentleman.
With a magisterial caution the case was dismissed."
Thursday, January 17, 2008
Lieutenant-Colonel Royston-Pigott D.S.O.
This report in the Eastbourne Gazette is on the death of Lieutentant Colonel G.A. Royston-Pigott.
"Lieutenant-Colonel Royston-Pigott D.S.O.
Lieutenant-Colonel George Arthur Royston-Pigott, D.S.O. Worcestershire Regiment who was killed on July 3, was the eldest son of the late Dr. G.W. Royston-Piggott, F.R.S. and of Mrs. Royston-Piggott of Annandale, Eastbourne and was 41 years of age.
Appointed to the 2nd Battalion Northamptonshire Regiment in 1895, he served with it through the South African War being awarded both medals and five clasps. He was in command of his battalion at the battle of Loos, when he was mentioned in dispatches and obtained the D.S.O. Subsequently he was appointed to the command of a battalion of the Worcestershire Regiment.
In 1915 he married Hilda, daughter of the late J.W. Parriss of Ardaga, Willesden Lane."
Lieutentant Colonel G.A. Royston-Pigott, D.S.O. is buried in Ovillers Military Cemetry, France.
"Lieutenant-Colonel Royston-Pigott D.S.O.
Lieutenant-Colonel George Arthur Royston-Pigott, D.S.O. Worcestershire Regiment who was killed on July 3, was the eldest son of the late Dr. G.W. Royston-Piggott, F.R.S. and of Mrs. Royston-Piggott of Annandale, Eastbourne and was 41 years of age.
Appointed to the 2nd Battalion Northamptonshire Regiment in 1895, he served with it through the South African War being awarded both medals and five clasps. He was in command of his battalion at the battle of Loos, when he was mentioned in dispatches and obtained the D.S.O. Subsequently he was appointed to the command of a battalion of the Worcestershire Regiment.
In 1915 he married Hilda, daughter of the late J.W. Parriss of Ardaga, Willesden Lane."
Lieutentant Colonel G.A. Royston-Pigott, D.S.O. is buried in Ovillers Military Cemetry, France.
Wednesday, January 16, 2008
Corporal E.A. Dewey, 12th Battalion, Royal Sussex Regiment.
This article in the Eastbourne Gazette dated 9th August 1916 is about Corporal E.A. Dewey, 12th Battalion Royal Sussex Regiment.
In a previous article, “How the Southdown’s Fought” Corporal Dewey is mentioned:
“Another Eastbourne man notable for his pluck is Corporal E.A. Dewey (formerly doorkeeper at the Hippodrome theatre). Although he was suffering from a painful malady, he rose from his bed of sickness and insisted upon accompanying his comrades to the enemy’s trenches. ‘I’ve been with the boys all along’ he said ‘and I intend to go over the parapet with them.’ He was allowed to go, and did his duty well but he was badly wounded in several places and lost his right eye.’
"Corporal Dewey, who is 45 years of age and has a son at the front, had never seen service prior to the war, but joined up shortly after the outbreak in order to ‘do his bit.’
In an update Corporal Dewey writes from hospital to Mr. Gardner the leader of the Eastbourne Glee Club. He informs him of his intention to carry on in the army and become a drill instructor. He also thanks Mr. Gardner’s work in sending cigarettes etc to the troops.
“Corporal Dewey in Hospital
Letter to “The Soldiers Friend.”
Corporal E.A. Dewey (who is A4 Ward, Third London General Hospital, Wandsworth) wrote on July 31 to Mr. J.F. Gardner:-
“You will no doubt be surprised to hear from me in London, but now I have recovered somewhat from my recent repairs. I have come across the two badges I collected for you and have sent them on. I read a little while ago that you were still carrying on the good work of sending the boys something to smoke , which I am sure is heartily appreciated. I am only waiting in hospital to be fitted with a new ‘monocle’.
Then I hope to go to a convalescent home for a week or two, previous to taking up my duties. I have been accepted for further service as instructor in drill and musketry and feel glad that my offer has been received so favourably. Civilian life whilst the war is on has no appeals for me. When visiting Eastbourne on furlough- unless I am fortunate enough to be sent to Summerdown to recuperate earlier- I will call and see you.”
Corporal Dewey, who is well known in Eastbourne, has been serving in the Royal Sussex Regiment. His letter was addressed to “Mr. Gardener, the Soldiers Friend, 72, Tideswell Road.””
In a previous article, “How the Southdown’s Fought” Corporal Dewey is mentioned:
“Another Eastbourne man notable for his pluck is Corporal E.A. Dewey (formerly doorkeeper at the Hippodrome theatre). Although he was suffering from a painful malady, he rose from his bed of sickness and insisted upon accompanying his comrades to the enemy’s trenches. ‘I’ve been with the boys all along’ he said ‘and I intend to go over the parapet with them.’ He was allowed to go, and did his duty well but he was badly wounded in several places and lost his right eye.’
"Corporal Dewey, who is 45 years of age and has a son at the front, had never seen service prior to the war, but joined up shortly after the outbreak in order to ‘do his bit.’
In an update Corporal Dewey writes from hospital to Mr. Gardner the leader of the Eastbourne Glee Club. He informs him of his intention to carry on in the army and become a drill instructor. He also thanks Mr. Gardner’s work in sending cigarettes etc to the troops.
“Corporal Dewey in Hospital
Letter to “The Soldiers Friend.”
Corporal E.A. Dewey (who is A4 Ward, Third London General Hospital, Wandsworth) wrote on July 31 to Mr. J.F. Gardner:-
“You will no doubt be surprised to hear from me in London, but now I have recovered somewhat from my recent repairs. I have come across the two badges I collected for you and have sent them on. I read a little while ago that you were still carrying on the good work of sending the boys something to smoke , which I am sure is heartily appreciated. I am only waiting in hospital to be fitted with a new ‘monocle’.
Then I hope to go to a convalescent home for a week or two, previous to taking up my duties. I have been accepted for further service as instructor in drill and musketry and feel glad that my offer has been received so favourably. Civilian life whilst the war is on has no appeals for me. When visiting Eastbourne on furlough- unless I am fortunate enough to be sent to Summerdown to recuperate earlier- I will call and see you.”
Corporal Dewey, who is well known in Eastbourne, has been serving in the Royal Sussex Regiment. His letter was addressed to “Mr. Gardener, the Soldiers Friend, 72, Tideswell Road.””
Tuesday, January 15, 2008
International Stores - Releases Men
This article from the Eastbourne Gazette dated 9th August 1916, relates to the ‘International Stores’ releasing men for the Front as women take their place.
" 2,000 Heroes
We hear so much of the enormous difficulties that our Tommie’s overcome that we are apt to overlook the trials of those working at home, and who have every right to the glories and sympathies given to our brave men at the Front.
We refer particularly to the burden which our women folk have shouldered with such patriotism.
The International Stores tell us the women now employed by them have enabled them to release nearly 2,000 men for military service. An experienced grocer would have have told you in June 1914, that a few years must elapse before a youth entering a grocer’s shop as an apprentice van consider himself qualified to “take charge”. Bearing this is mind it is really remarkable that the lady grocer’s should step in and fill the position vacated by the heroes at the Front in such a capable manner.
Their untiring energy, adaptability and strong will, whilst working under the most tiring conditions, calls for the very heartiest support and consideration from the shopping public."
For those of you that haven’t heard of the 'International Store':-
The International Stores started out, in 1875, with a single store in Bristol, trading as J H Mills. By 1900, when J H Mills become a limited company, there were 12 stores and the name 'International Stores' was in use.
In 1950, J H Mills changed its name to Gateway. From then the name 'Gateway' was mainly used for all of the company's new (supermarket-style) stores but 'International Stores' was retained for the traditional-style stores.
Gateway was taken over by Linfood Holdings in 1977 but International Stores were not, initially part of the deal (although many branches of International Stores closed at this time, or were re-branded as Gateway as a subsidiary part of the deal). Linfood Holdings changed its name to the Dee Corporation in 1983 and then proceeded to acquire International Stores (along with other well-known names, such as Fine Fare and Keymarkets). All of the stores were then either closed or re-branded as Gateway. (The Dee Corporation changed its name back to Gateway Corporation plc, to match the store names, in 1988).
Between 1989 and 1991, over 100 stores were sold off to Asda and Kwik Save.
The firm opened the first Somerfield store in 1990. In 1994, Gateway Foodmarkets became Somerfield Stores. Thus, if there's still a supermarket trading on a former International Stores site, there's a very good chance that it will bear the Somerfield brand name (although it could be Asda or Kwik Save) and, incidentally, be part of a multi-national group that includes the Carrefour chain in France.
From - Food Deserts.
" 2,000 Heroes
We hear so much of the enormous difficulties that our Tommie’s overcome that we are apt to overlook the trials of those working at home, and who have every right to the glories and sympathies given to our brave men at the Front.
We refer particularly to the burden which our women folk have shouldered with such patriotism.
The International Stores tell us the women now employed by them have enabled them to release nearly 2,000 men for military service. An experienced grocer would have have told you in June 1914, that a few years must elapse before a youth entering a grocer’s shop as an apprentice van consider himself qualified to “take charge”. Bearing this is mind it is really remarkable that the lady grocer’s should step in and fill the position vacated by the heroes at the Front in such a capable manner.
Their untiring energy, adaptability and strong will, whilst working under the most tiring conditions, calls for the very heartiest support and consideration from the shopping public."
For those of you that haven’t heard of the 'International Store':-
The International Stores started out, in 1875, with a single store in Bristol, trading as J H Mills. By 1900, when J H Mills become a limited company, there were 12 stores and the name 'International Stores' was in use.
In 1950, J H Mills changed its name to Gateway. From then the name 'Gateway' was mainly used for all of the company's new (supermarket-style) stores but 'International Stores' was retained for the traditional-style stores.
Gateway was taken over by Linfood Holdings in 1977 but International Stores were not, initially part of the deal (although many branches of International Stores closed at this time, or were re-branded as Gateway as a subsidiary part of the deal). Linfood Holdings changed its name to the Dee Corporation in 1983 and then proceeded to acquire International Stores (along with other well-known names, such as Fine Fare and Keymarkets). All of the stores were then either closed or re-branded as Gateway. (The Dee Corporation changed its name back to Gateway Corporation plc, to match the store names, in 1988).
Between 1989 and 1991, over 100 stores were sold off to Asda and Kwik Save.
The firm opened the first Somerfield store in 1990. In 1994, Gateway Foodmarkets became Somerfield Stores. Thus, if there's still a supermarket trading on a former International Stores site, there's a very good chance that it will bear the Somerfield brand name (although it could be Asda or Kwik Save) and, incidentally, be part of a multi-national group that includes the Carrefour chain in France.
From - Food Deserts.
Monday, January 14, 2008
Eastbourne Glee Club
This article from the Eastbourne Gazette dated 9th August 1916, is about the Eastbourne Glee Club raising funds for the war effort.
Perhaps this side of the 21st Century it is with amazement that money should be sent on sending soldiers cigarettes and tobacco. How times have changed!
“Eastbourne Glee Club
Parcels for Soldiers and Sailors
In the spring of 1915 Mr. J.F. Gardener (hon. Secretary of the Eastbourne Glee Choir) set on foot a movement for the supplying comforts for (1) the men of the Army and Navy on active service and (2) prisoners of war in Germany and elsewhere. Through this agency many thousands of cigarettes have been sent, besides tobacco and pipes. Last Christmas parcels of food to the value of £20 were purchased with the proceeds of a concert and were despatched at the men at the front.
The total value of the goods sent out exceeds £100. Among the contributors to the fund we may mention Colonel W.A. Cardwell V.D., Mr. Sydney Hudson, Mr. E. A. Sutton, the Rev E.W. Wright, Councillor F. Hollins, the Rev E.L. Browne, and others. Mr James S. Garrard has contributed 10s 6d a month for cigarettes for local footballers at the Front, and the Rev. E.L. Browne and Councillor Hollins have presented several footballs which have been greatly appreciated by the Eastbourne Engineers at the France. In fact the Engineers have “asked for more”.
Mr. Gardner has received upwards of 500 letters expressive of gratitude from sailors and soldiers. To the prisoners of war the parcels of food have been of inestimable benefit. The patients in the 12th General Hospital at Rouen have received no fewer than 8,000 cigarettes and a long written list of recipients has been received.”
Perhaps this side of the 21st Century it is with amazement that money should be sent on sending soldiers cigarettes and tobacco. How times have changed!
“Eastbourne Glee Club
Parcels for Soldiers and Sailors
In the spring of 1915 Mr. J.F. Gardener (hon. Secretary of the Eastbourne Glee Choir) set on foot a movement for the supplying comforts for (1) the men of the Army and Navy on active service and (2) prisoners of war in Germany and elsewhere. Through this agency many thousands of cigarettes have been sent, besides tobacco and pipes. Last Christmas parcels of food to the value of £20 were purchased with the proceeds of a concert and were despatched at the men at the front.
The total value of the goods sent out exceeds £100. Among the contributors to the fund we may mention Colonel W.A. Cardwell V.D., Mr. Sydney Hudson, Mr. E. A. Sutton, the Rev E.W. Wright, Councillor F. Hollins, the Rev E.L. Browne, and others. Mr James S. Garrard has contributed 10s 6d a month for cigarettes for local footballers at the Front, and the Rev. E.L. Browne and Councillor Hollins have presented several footballs which have been greatly appreciated by the Eastbourne Engineers at the France. In fact the Engineers have “asked for more”.
Mr. Gardner has received upwards of 500 letters expressive of gratitude from sailors and soldiers. To the prisoners of war the parcels of food have been of inestimable benefit. The patients in the 12th General Hospital at Rouen have received no fewer than 8,000 cigarettes and a long written list of recipients has been received.”
Thursday, December 20, 2007
Enormous Expenditure on Drink
This report was in the Eastbourne Gazette on 23rd September 1916. During the war there were a large number of people in favour of prohibition, this ‘public meeting’ on the Seafront calls for action to be taken.
300 Millions
Enormous Expenditure on Drink
"In presiding over an outdoor meeting held near the Royal Parade bandstand on Saturday evening Dr. Horatio Matthews spoke as a medical man in favour of total abstinence as conductive to the health of the nation. Mr. Alexander Thomson (United Kingdom Alliance) stated that in the first twenty-one months of the war about 2,200,000 tons of barley, maize and rice, and 3,000,000 tons of sugar were wasted in the manufacture of drink. During the same period the nation had spent on intoxication £300,000,000, a sum which represents £500,000 a day. The only remedy was the prohibition of the liquor traffic during the remainder of the war and for six months after the declaration of peace. A memorial in favour of such a measure had been signed by two millions of people. The Rev. A. Butcher also spoke.
On Sunday evening, Mr. Thomson addressed a large gathering near the Grand Parade bandstand. Mr. Walker presided, and the choir of the Baptist Forward Mission attended to leading the singing."
300 Millions
Enormous Expenditure on Drink
"In presiding over an outdoor meeting held near the Royal Parade bandstand on Saturday evening Dr. Horatio Matthews spoke as a medical man in favour of total abstinence as conductive to the health of the nation. Mr. Alexander Thomson (United Kingdom Alliance) stated that in the first twenty-one months of the war about 2,200,000 tons of barley, maize and rice, and 3,000,000 tons of sugar were wasted in the manufacture of drink. During the same period the nation had spent on intoxication £300,000,000, a sum which represents £500,000 a day. The only remedy was the prohibition of the liquor traffic during the remainder of the war and for six months after the declaration of peace. A memorial in favour of such a measure had been signed by two millions of people. The Rev. A. Butcher also spoke.
On Sunday evening, Mr. Thomson addressed a large gathering near the Grand Parade bandstand. Mr. Walker presided, and the choir of the Baptist Forward Mission attended to leading the singing."
Wednesday, December 19, 2007
Dangerous Motoring on the Seafront.
I love this article from the Eastbourne Chronicle dated Saturday July 22nd 1916. The Dangerous driver was driving his two-seater car at the speed of 35 miles per hour along Eastbourne Seafront.
The Chief Inspector tried to stop him by putting up his hand but it took him over 100 yards to stop the car and then he sped off. How times have changed!!!
"Dangerous Motoring on the Front.
Lieutenant Gordon M. Mew, said to be a wounded officer staying at a convalescent home in Brighton, was summoned for driving a motor car at a dangerous speed on the Grand Parade on the 11th. Defendant did not appear, and no communication had been received from him.
Parade Inspector Dann said at about 1.45 on the day in question a small two-seater car passed him at the Grand Hotel. In it were the defendant and a lady. The car was going at a pace which he estimated at from 35 to 40 miles an hour. The Chief Inspector who was with the witness, put up his hand, but at such a pace was the car going that it covered another hundred yards before it stopped. Without waiting for witness to come up, defendant drove off again and finally stopped at the Landsdowne Hotel. Witness proceeded thither and saw the defendant, of who he asked,
“What was your object in driving so fast?”
Defendant replied, “None really.”
Witness pointed out that the speed was 35 miles an hour, and witness told him it was too fast and he would be reported. In reply, to a question witness told him that if summoned he would either appear or send a letter.
Evidence of the service of the summons having been given, a penalty of £2 was imposed."
The Chief Inspector tried to stop him by putting up his hand but it took him over 100 yards to stop the car and then he sped off. How times have changed!!!
"Dangerous Motoring on the Front.
Lieutenant Gordon M. Mew, said to be a wounded officer staying at a convalescent home in Brighton, was summoned for driving a motor car at a dangerous speed on the Grand Parade on the 11th. Defendant did not appear, and no communication had been received from him.
Parade Inspector Dann said at about 1.45 on the day in question a small two-seater car passed him at the Grand Hotel. In it were the defendant and a lady. The car was going at a pace which he estimated at from 35 to 40 miles an hour. The Chief Inspector who was with the witness, put up his hand, but at such a pace was the car going that it covered another hundred yards before it stopped. Without waiting for witness to come up, defendant drove off again and finally stopped at the Landsdowne Hotel. Witness proceeded thither and saw the defendant, of who he asked,
“What was your object in driving so fast?”
Defendant replied, “None really.”
Witness pointed out that the speed was 35 miles an hour, and witness told him it was too fast and he would be reported. In reply, to a question witness told him that if summoned he would either appear or send a letter.
Evidence of the service of the summons having been given, a penalty of £2 was imposed."
Wednesday, December 12, 2007
To Join the Fire Brigade
This Military Tribunal is reported in the Eastbourne Gazette on 2nd August 1916. The Applicant is saved from going to the front, so long as he joins the local Fire Brigade:-
"To Join the Fire Brigade
In the case of Mr. Henry J. Collins, 40. Married grocery and sweet shop keeper. Mr. Hillman (the applicants solicitor) advanced the one-man business plea. Mr. Collins said he had a nervous wife and she could not possibly carry on the trade. He was willing to devote spare time to utility work.
The Chairman, “Could you do a special constable’s job?”
Applicant, “I don’t think so.” (Laughter)
Councillor Bolton ,“The Council want firemen, could you do that?”
Applicant, “Yes.”
Twelve weeks were granted, conditional on applicant joining the fire brigade."
"To Join the Fire Brigade
In the case of Mr. Henry J. Collins, 40. Married grocery and sweet shop keeper. Mr. Hillman (the applicants solicitor) advanced the one-man business plea. Mr. Collins said he had a nervous wife and she could not possibly carry on the trade. He was willing to devote spare time to utility work.
The Chairman, “Could you do a special constable’s job?”
Applicant, “I don’t think so.” (Laughter)
Councillor Bolton ,“The Council want firemen, could you do that?”
Applicant, “Yes.”
Twelve weeks were granted, conditional on applicant joining the fire brigade."
Thursday, December 6, 2007
The Boar's Head - Part V.
The Eastbourne Gazette on the 2nd August also carried this story from Private Hart:-
Southdowns Capture Prisoners
Private T Hart, Royal Sussex Regiment, writing to his mother, Mrs Turner, 1 Salehurst Road, Old Town, Eastbourne describes the operation on June 30 as being “like hell”.
He says, “The bombardment was enough to drive us off our heads, but we took three lines of trenches and faced the shells as coolly as anything. I had the bottom of my rifle blown off, but I didn’t get a scratch myself. We were up to necks in mud. We gave them (the Germans) a few pills to go on with. We took several prisoners and all they could say was ‘Mercy, kamarade.’ Our colonel said we stuck it grandly. I think we have got them done for this time. I saw I lot of my chums fall by my side, but I was one of the lucky ones. It is your prayers that have saved my life mum,” concluded the writer, “and I thank God for it.”
Southdowns Capture Prisoners
Private T Hart, Royal Sussex Regiment, writing to his mother, Mrs Turner, 1 Salehurst Road, Old Town, Eastbourne describes the operation on June 30 as being “like hell”.
He says, “The bombardment was enough to drive us off our heads, but we took three lines of trenches and faced the shells as coolly as anything. I had the bottom of my rifle blown off, but I didn’t get a scratch myself. We were up to necks in mud. We gave them (the Germans) a few pills to go on with. We took several prisoners and all they could say was ‘Mercy, kamarade.’ Our colonel said we stuck it grandly. I think we have got them done for this time. I saw I lot of my chums fall by my side, but I was one of the lucky ones. It is your prayers that have saved my life mum,” concluded the writer, “and I thank God for it.”
Wednesday, December 5, 2007
The Boar's Head - Part IV.
The Eastbourne Gazette on 2nd August 1916, had this report of the action at 'Boar's Head'.
Southdowns in Action
Letter from Sergeant Rowsell
Writing from the V.A.D. Hospital, Fernlagul, Larkfield, near Maidstone on July 29th. Lance-Sergeant T.S. Roswell says:-
“As an old Eastbourian I have been a reader of your valuable paper for some years and I received it weekly in the trenches before I was wounded. I belong to one of the Southdowns Battalions of the Royal Sussex Regiment and am able to tell you that our long training in England enabled the men to become not only good fighters but good workers as well. If any trenches needed making or repairing by our division one of the ‘Southdowns’ Battalions was sure to get the job. With regard to the fighting, all were eager to go over the parapet to meet ‘Frtiz’ when the time came and the ‘Squareheads’ the other side of No Mans land soon learnt what they were up against. You were quite correct in your surmise that some day Sussex people will hear the official truths of what did actually occur and when that is known it will be seen that the Southdowns did their bit in the true British way. Before closing I would just mention that the editor of an influential London weekly once said, “The Southdowns will never fire shot in the Great War.”
Southdowns in Action
Letter from Sergeant Rowsell
Writing from the V.A.D. Hospital, Fernlagul, Larkfield, near Maidstone on July 29th. Lance-Sergeant T.S. Roswell says:-
“As an old Eastbourian I have been a reader of your valuable paper for some years and I received it weekly in the trenches before I was wounded. I belong to one of the Southdowns Battalions of the Royal Sussex Regiment and am able to tell you that our long training in England enabled the men to become not only good fighters but good workers as well. If any trenches needed making or repairing by our division one of the ‘Southdowns’ Battalions was sure to get the job. With regard to the fighting, all were eager to go over the parapet to meet ‘Frtiz’ when the time came and the ‘Squareheads’ the other side of No Mans land soon learnt what they were up against. You were quite correct in your surmise that some day Sussex people will hear the official truths of what did actually occur and when that is known it will be seen that the Southdowns did their bit in the true British way. Before closing I would just mention that the editor of an influential London weekly once said, “The Southdowns will never fire shot in the Great War.”
Wednesday, November 28, 2007
Coulson Kernahan's Appeal
Before conscription was introduced in 1916 recruiting rallies were held almost daily in an effort to get every available man to the Front. This report in the Eastbourne Gazette on 16th June 1915, concerns the well known author Coulson Kernahan and his efforts to get men to look within themselves and consider what it will be like when the war finally ends.
Patriot and Author
Mr. Coulson Kernahans Appeal
In his speech at the Wish Tower grounds on Saturday, Mr. Coulson Kernahan (the well known author) said:-
“May I just tell of a saying of Robert Louis Stevenson, whose books are known to some of you? Stevenson said this :-
“Much may be forgiven to us mortals – mistakes, sins, crimes even: but God Himself cannot forgive the ‘hanger-back’”.
“Is there a hanger-back here today? Is there one man here who is fit and able to go but is hanging back? If so, I am sorry for him. I sit in judgement on no man. In all my recruiting work I have never called any man a ‘shirker’. I have no right to call you a shirker. You may be fit and strong. I don’t know you circumstances. I repeat: I sit in judgement on no man. Your own conscience will be worse than anything I can say. To feel that other people sneer at you is a small matter: but for a man to feel that he has lost his own self-respect and is a coward in his own eyes is terrible. Picture the coming time when as Mr. Gwynne says we shall be happier than we are today. The war is over, Eastbourne is en fete. Every man, woman and child is out. The bells are ringing, the flags are flying and the gallant boys of the Sussex Regiment are marching down the street having returned unhurt or bearing honourable wounds. We shall be mad with joy – men, women and children. Picture to yourself what your position will be if you might have gone but did not. You won’t be with the cheering crowd. You will be slinking home by the back way. You will feel you might have gone, but let others go. You will see George that went and Harry who went. They heard the call and obeyed it. You will slink home to the kitchen amongst the cats, the children, and the old women, because you have been a shirker. You will know that you have betrayed your country. Don’t let that become true of you. Say today, 'I will do my duty. I have been a long time over it. It is not too late. It shall be my privilege to serve my country.'”
(Coulson Kernahan (1858-1943) was born at Ilfracombe, Devonshire, and educated privately by his father and at St Albans School. He was associated with Locker-Lampson on a new edition of Lyra Elegantiarum, contributed to many periodicals, wrote humorous verse, and gained wide popularity for his fiction, some of which has been translated into French, German, Dutch, Hungarian, and Chinese).
Patriot and Author
Mr. Coulson Kernahans Appeal
In his speech at the Wish Tower grounds on Saturday, Mr. Coulson Kernahan (the well known author) said:-
“May I just tell of a saying of Robert Louis Stevenson, whose books are known to some of you? Stevenson said this :-
“Much may be forgiven to us mortals – mistakes, sins, crimes even: but God Himself cannot forgive the ‘hanger-back’”.
“Is there a hanger-back here today? Is there one man here who is fit and able to go but is hanging back? If so, I am sorry for him. I sit in judgement on no man. In all my recruiting work I have never called any man a ‘shirker’. I have no right to call you a shirker. You may be fit and strong. I don’t know you circumstances. I repeat: I sit in judgement on no man. Your own conscience will be worse than anything I can say. To feel that other people sneer at you is a small matter: but for a man to feel that he has lost his own self-respect and is a coward in his own eyes is terrible. Picture the coming time when as Mr. Gwynne says we shall be happier than we are today. The war is over, Eastbourne is en fete. Every man, woman and child is out. The bells are ringing, the flags are flying and the gallant boys of the Sussex Regiment are marching down the street having returned unhurt or bearing honourable wounds. We shall be mad with joy – men, women and children. Picture to yourself what your position will be if you might have gone but did not. You won’t be with the cheering crowd. You will be slinking home by the back way. You will feel you might have gone, but let others go. You will see George that went and Harry who went. They heard the call and obeyed it. You will slink home to the kitchen amongst the cats, the children, and the old women, because you have been a shirker. You will know that you have betrayed your country. Don’t let that become true of you. Say today, 'I will do my duty. I have been a long time over it. It is not too late. It shall be my privilege to serve my country.'”
(Coulson Kernahan (1858-1943) was born at Ilfracombe, Devonshire, and educated privately by his father and at St Albans School. He was associated with Locker-Lampson on a new edition of Lyra Elegantiarum, contributed to many periodicals, wrote humorous verse, and gained wide popularity for his fiction, some of which has been translated into French, German, Dutch, Hungarian, and Chinese).
Tuesday, November 27, 2007
Helping the War or Himself?
This Military Tribunal is reported in the Eastbourne Gazette on 2nd August 1916. The Military Represenative Mr. Beattie seems to be on good form.
Helping the War or Himself?
V.W.Marley, 31, married taxi cab proprietor was represented by Mr. Hillman who explained the great financial hardship which could result in the applicants enlistment.
Mr. Beattie “You are doing nothing at present to help the war?”
Mr. Hillman “He is keeping a wife and three children.”
Mr. Beattie “Is that helping the war or helping himself?”
Six weeks (final).
Helping the War or Himself?
V.W.Marley, 31, married taxi cab proprietor was represented by Mr. Hillman who explained the great financial hardship which could result in the applicants enlistment.
Mr. Beattie “You are doing nothing at present to help the war?”
Mr. Hillman “He is keeping a wife and three children.”
Mr. Beattie “Is that helping the war or helping himself?”
Six weeks (final).
Tuesday, November 6, 2007
The Boar's Head - Part III - Another Report.
This is another report in the Eastbourne Gazette on 19th July 1916. No name is given by the wounded officer, but his letter confirms the other reports without overemphasising the carnage of the attack.
The Wounded Officers Letter – “The Men Were Magnificent”
No warmer tribute to the splendid work of “Lowther’s Lambs” in the recent operation on the Western Front could be given than contained in a private letter by a wounded officer, who says:-
“The men were magnificent; there is no doubt about that. If the men in the rest of Kitchener’s Army are anything like the ‘Southdowns’ nothing will stop us now that we have made the right start.
Our divisional General said only a few days before the beginning of this great push, “You men (meaning the Southdowns) do not require leading, we know their reputation.” And he was right. When their officers and men fell on the survivors went, right through the hell of fire. ‘My Company (‘A’ Company of the 13th Royal Sussex) went 150 to 200 yards in the face of it with never a falter. It was a superb test.
The men were absolutely wonderful. Their training had fitted them for what they had to go through, and the pity of it is that so many had to fall to accomplish what they did.
We had not counted on the enemy being so prepared for our reception with heavy guns and machine guns. You can imagine what we had to go through.
“Corporal Parsons, an Eastbourne man who is missing, showed indomitable pluck , and all through the ‘Southdowns’ a similar spirit was apparent. No regular soldiers could have been finer.
Sergeant Baker, an old regular army man, is attached to the “Southdowns”. When his officer was knocked over he led the men on to the second line of German trenches. I heard him shouting, “Come on boys, here are the Huns!” This was followed by cries of ‘Kamarade’ from the German soldiers. But the blood of the ‘Southdowns’ was up, for the enemy had been bombing them only a few minutes before. Sergeant Baker showed a splendid example both to the N.C.O’s and men.”
“I had a narrow escape in this attack. I was wearing a Dayfield body shield and a bullet struck me just below the shoulder blade and about an inch below the top of the shield. It did not penetrate the shield but turned upwards and gouged its way out through the fleshy part of the shoulder."
"An amusing incident of the attack was recalled a few days ago when I visited a wounded sergeant of my company who is now in hospital. I had taken a little German prisoner who insisted upon following closely upon my heels. The sergeant recalling the fact said, ‘I could not help laughing when I saw that little German chap following you about the trenches like a lap-dog.’
I got rather tired of him following me about. There were a lot of rifles lying about and I did not know when this fact might occur to him. Finally, I showed him my revolver and pointed to our trenches in the distance, and he very soon took his departure there.
The Germans were more than willing to surrender when we got close to them, but they were throwing things at us when we did get close?”
Corporal Percy Parsons metioned above, of the ‘A’ Company, 13th Battalion had dodged a sick parade to ensure his part in the attack, died on the German wire. He was 37 and was married to Susanna Parsons, of 20, Lower Rd., Gore Park, Eastbourne. He is buried in CABARET-ROUGE BRITISH CEMETERY, SOUCHEZ.
The Wounded Officers Letter – “The Men Were Magnificent”
No warmer tribute to the splendid work of “Lowther’s Lambs” in the recent operation on the Western Front could be given than contained in a private letter by a wounded officer, who says:-
“The men were magnificent; there is no doubt about that. If the men in the rest of Kitchener’s Army are anything like the ‘Southdowns’ nothing will stop us now that we have made the right start.
Our divisional General said only a few days before the beginning of this great push, “You men (meaning the Southdowns) do not require leading, we know their reputation.” And he was right. When their officers and men fell on the survivors went, right through the hell of fire. ‘My Company (‘A’ Company of the 13th Royal Sussex) went 150 to 200 yards in the face of it with never a falter. It was a superb test.
The men were absolutely wonderful. Their training had fitted them for what they had to go through, and the pity of it is that so many had to fall to accomplish what they did.
We had not counted on the enemy being so prepared for our reception with heavy guns and machine guns. You can imagine what we had to go through.
“Corporal Parsons, an Eastbourne man who is missing, showed indomitable pluck , and all through the ‘Southdowns’ a similar spirit was apparent. No regular soldiers could have been finer.
Sergeant Baker, an old regular army man, is attached to the “Southdowns”. When his officer was knocked over he led the men on to the second line of German trenches. I heard him shouting, “Come on boys, here are the Huns!” This was followed by cries of ‘Kamarade’ from the German soldiers. But the blood of the ‘Southdowns’ was up, for the enemy had been bombing them only a few minutes before. Sergeant Baker showed a splendid example both to the N.C.O’s and men.”
“I had a narrow escape in this attack. I was wearing a Dayfield body shield and a bullet struck me just below the shoulder blade and about an inch below the top of the shield. It did not penetrate the shield but turned upwards and gouged its way out through the fleshy part of the shoulder."
"An amusing incident of the attack was recalled a few days ago when I visited a wounded sergeant of my company who is now in hospital. I had taken a little German prisoner who insisted upon following closely upon my heels. The sergeant recalling the fact said, ‘I could not help laughing when I saw that little German chap following you about the trenches like a lap-dog.’
I got rather tired of him following me about. There were a lot of rifles lying about and I did not know when this fact might occur to him. Finally, I showed him my revolver and pointed to our trenches in the distance, and he very soon took his departure there.
The Germans were more than willing to surrender when we got close to them, but they were throwing things at us when we did get close?”
Corporal Percy Parsons metioned above, of the ‘A’ Company, 13th Battalion had dodged a sick parade to ensure his part in the attack, died on the German wire. He was 37 and was married to Susanna Parsons, of 20, Lower Rd., Gore Park, Eastbourne. He is buried in CABARET-ROUGE BRITISH CEMETERY, SOUCHEZ.
Friday, November 2, 2007
The Battle of Boar's Head - Part II - further reports.
Reports continued to filter into the newspaper about the fighting on 30th June 1916. The Eastbourne Gazette on 26th July 1916 contained these reports.
The first is from a letter by Lieutenant Robinson where he writes about the heroism of CSM Nelson Carter who would later be postumously awarded the V.C. for his actions during the battle.
"How the Southdowns Fought
Eastbourne Hero
Loses his life while rescuing comrades
In a private letter to a friend an Eastbourne officer, Lieutenant Harold C.T. Robinson, who is at home wounded, tells of the gallantry of a local soldier who lost his life in the great advance on the morning of June 30, while rescuing comrades who had fallen wounded over the parapet.
Lieutenant Robinson, who is the younger son of Mr. C. Wyndham Robinson, of Kya Lami, The Greys, Eastbourne, was the officer commanding A Company, 12th Royal Sussex Regiment and the soldier of whose heroism he speaks was Company-Sergeant Major N.V. Carter (formerly an attendant at Old Town, Cinema) whose widow resides at 33 Greys road. “He was a splendid type of soldier”. Writes Lieutenant Robinson “and had already been recommended for the Military Cross for gallantry before the incident of June 30. "
“Several men were lying wounded over the parapet and C.S.M. Carter went over many times under heavy fire to help carry them to safety. He succeeded in rescuing a number of them but was finally killed while engaged in the heroic work.”
“Another Eastbourne man notable for his pluck is Corporal E.A. Dewey (formerly doorkeeper at the Hippodrome theatre). Although he was suffering from a painful malady, he rose from his bed of sickness and insisted upon accompanying his comrades to the enemy’s trenches. ‘I’ve been with the boys all along’ he said ‘and I intend to go over the parapet with them.’ He was allowed to go, and did his duty well but he was badly wounded in several places and lost his right eye.’
“Corporal Dewey, who is 45 years of age and has a son at the front, had never seen service prior to the war, but joined up shortly after the outbreak in order to ‘do his bit.’
“Speaking of the Southdown’s generally and my own Company in particular, I have nothing but the highest praise for them. As soon as they heard that they were going to attack and knew at last they were to have the chance to do something, they were exceedingly keen and enthusiastic. We rehearsed the attack and the night spent in completing the arrangements.”
“At 2.50 am an intense bombardment by our artillery began and at 3.5 am – all our watches synchronised- the artillery lifted and infantry went over parapet. The enemy had replied to our bombardment with a terrific fire, but this mattered nothing. The men simply poured over wave after wave of them, with the results that you know, ‘the news that reached England next day that a ‘strong raiding party had reached the enemy lines.’
“From the number of killed and wounded Germans lying in the trenches and the great damage done to the trenches it is evident that the British artillery was very accurate.”
“A particularly gratifying feature of the attack and one which bore evidence to the splendid training of the men was the way in which the N.C.O’s took over the duties of the officers when they fell.”
“My Company was almost entirely composed of Eastbourne men, and although losses are to be regretted it must some slight consolation to bereaved friends to know that the men all do so splendidly. I have the greatest admiration for them all and could never wish to command a better company.”
The second report was a small piece by the Gazette itself, which correctly assesses where the battle took place and the failure of the bombardment to destroy completely the enemies wire.
"The Scene of the Fighting
From statements which have reached us from various quarters it would seem that the Soutdowns were in action not near the Somme but a good many miles further north. Two battalions went first to the attack and the third battalion suffered less severely. Notwithstanding the prolonged bombardment the enemy’s wire remained intact in certain places and the Southdown’s suffered from machine gun fire. As the official lists show the casualties were heavy. The attack which was made may have been in the nature of a feint advance due to assist operations elsewhere, but it is not for us to do more than outline the facts which have come to our knowledge. "
The first is from a letter by Lieutenant Robinson where he writes about the heroism of CSM Nelson Carter who would later be postumously awarded the V.C. for his actions during the battle.
"How the Southdowns Fought
Eastbourne Hero
Loses his life while rescuing comrades
In a private letter to a friend an Eastbourne officer, Lieutenant Harold C.T. Robinson, who is at home wounded, tells of the gallantry of a local soldier who lost his life in the great advance on the morning of June 30, while rescuing comrades who had fallen wounded over the parapet.
Lieutenant Robinson, who is the younger son of Mr. C. Wyndham Robinson, of Kya Lami, The Greys, Eastbourne, was the officer commanding A Company, 12th Royal Sussex Regiment and the soldier of whose heroism he speaks was Company-Sergeant Major N.V. Carter (formerly an attendant at Old Town, Cinema) whose widow resides at 33 Greys road. “He was a splendid type of soldier”. Writes Lieutenant Robinson “and had already been recommended for the Military Cross for gallantry before the incident of June 30. "
“Several men were lying wounded over the parapet and C.S.M. Carter went over many times under heavy fire to help carry them to safety. He succeeded in rescuing a number of them but was finally killed while engaged in the heroic work.”
“Another Eastbourne man notable for his pluck is Corporal E.A. Dewey (formerly doorkeeper at the Hippodrome theatre). Although he was suffering from a painful malady, he rose from his bed of sickness and insisted upon accompanying his comrades to the enemy’s trenches. ‘I’ve been with the boys all along’ he said ‘and I intend to go over the parapet with them.’ He was allowed to go, and did his duty well but he was badly wounded in several places and lost his right eye.’
“Corporal Dewey, who is 45 years of age and has a son at the front, had never seen service prior to the war, but joined up shortly after the outbreak in order to ‘do his bit.’
“Speaking of the Southdown’s generally and my own Company in particular, I have nothing but the highest praise for them. As soon as they heard that they were going to attack and knew at last they were to have the chance to do something, they were exceedingly keen and enthusiastic. We rehearsed the attack and the night spent in completing the arrangements.”
“At 2.50 am an intense bombardment by our artillery began and at 3.5 am – all our watches synchronised- the artillery lifted and infantry went over parapet. The enemy had replied to our bombardment with a terrific fire, but this mattered nothing. The men simply poured over wave after wave of them, with the results that you know, ‘the news that reached England next day that a ‘strong raiding party had reached the enemy lines.’
“From the number of killed and wounded Germans lying in the trenches and the great damage done to the trenches it is evident that the British artillery was very accurate.”
“A particularly gratifying feature of the attack and one which bore evidence to the splendid training of the men was the way in which the N.C.O’s took over the duties of the officers when they fell.”
“My Company was almost entirely composed of Eastbourne men, and although losses are to be regretted it must some slight consolation to bereaved friends to know that the men all do so splendidly. I have the greatest admiration for them all and could never wish to command a better company.”
The second report was a small piece by the Gazette itself, which correctly assesses where the battle took place and the failure of the bombardment to destroy completely the enemies wire.
"The Scene of the Fighting
From statements which have reached us from various quarters it would seem that the Soutdowns were in action not near the Somme but a good many miles further north. Two battalions went first to the attack and the third battalion suffered less severely. Notwithstanding the prolonged bombardment the enemy’s wire remained intact in certain places and the Southdown’s suffered from machine gun fire. As the official lists show the casualties were heavy. The attack which was made may have been in the nature of a feint advance due to assist operations elsewhere, but it is not for us to do more than outline the facts which have come to our knowledge. "
Tuesday, October 30, 2007
Suffrage Societies and War Work
The Eastbourne Gazette, Four page pull-out on 20th December 1916 included a section, “What Eastbourne has done to Alleviate Distress and Suffering.”
In this Article Mrs. Fred Allen explains the work of the Eastbourne Society of Women’s Suffrage during the first two years of the war:
"Suffrage Societies and War Work
In accordance with the suggestion of the executive of the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies, to which the Eastbourne Society is affiliated, all political work was suspended when war broke out, and the society has strictly adhered to this principle. The principle will be rigidly observed so long as there is no proposal to alter the basis of the franchise for men. Regulations to prevent the disqualification of men who, but for the exigencies of war would have been qualified voters, have the approval and sympathy of the National Union and its affiliated societies.
The work of the Eastbourne Society during the year 1916 has been distributed amongst the various departments of war-work in the town rather than concentrated on any special effort of the society itself. The Belgian Club has been the principal financial responsibility – as some indication of its usefulness it may be mentioned that there are records of 1,100 loans of books from the French library connected with the club. The French Lending Library is now housed at the Free Library, as the Belgian Club is closed.
In the spring of this year (1916) the society took part in the “Munition Week” collection towards the Y.M.C.A. national effort to provide accommodation for the women munitions workers. In St. Mary’s Ward, for which the society became responsible, over £27 was collected.
Quite recently, in November (1916), an appeal sent out to the members of the society and a few sympathetic friends realised a sum of over £21 towards supplying urgent hospital necessaries to Dr. Elsie Inglis (Scottish Women’s Hospital N.U.W.S.S), who is in charge of the only hospital relief with the Serbian division of the Russian Army.
Many of the members of the society are engaged at the Red Cross hospitals, others are helping systematically in the canteen and entertainment work, mending for the soldiers and working in the Red Cross Depot. Others are making the Belgian refugees in the town their special care.
One happy result of the distribution of the society’s energies has been that it has provided opportunity with those who, while divided on the one and only ground which is the “raison d’etre” of the society, are one in the society in love of country, and in the passionate desire to help and heal which inspires all true women."
In this Article Mrs. Fred Allen explains the work of the Eastbourne Society of Women’s Suffrage during the first two years of the war:
"Suffrage Societies and War Work
In accordance with the suggestion of the executive of the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies, to which the Eastbourne Society is affiliated, all political work was suspended when war broke out, and the society has strictly adhered to this principle. The principle will be rigidly observed so long as there is no proposal to alter the basis of the franchise for men. Regulations to prevent the disqualification of men who, but for the exigencies of war would have been qualified voters, have the approval and sympathy of the National Union and its affiliated societies.
The work of the Eastbourne Society during the year 1916 has been distributed amongst the various departments of war-work in the town rather than concentrated on any special effort of the society itself. The Belgian Club has been the principal financial responsibility – as some indication of its usefulness it may be mentioned that there are records of 1,100 loans of books from the French library connected with the club. The French Lending Library is now housed at the Free Library, as the Belgian Club is closed.
In the spring of this year (1916) the society took part in the “Munition Week” collection towards the Y.M.C.A. national effort to provide accommodation for the women munitions workers. In St. Mary’s Ward, for which the society became responsible, over £27 was collected.
Quite recently, in November (1916), an appeal sent out to the members of the society and a few sympathetic friends realised a sum of over £21 towards supplying urgent hospital necessaries to Dr. Elsie Inglis (Scottish Women’s Hospital N.U.W.S.S), who is in charge of the only hospital relief with the Serbian division of the Russian Army.
Many of the members of the society are engaged at the Red Cross hospitals, others are helping systematically in the canteen and entertainment work, mending for the soldiers and working in the Red Cross Depot. Others are making the Belgian refugees in the town their special care.
One happy result of the distribution of the society’s energies has been that it has provided opportunity with those who, while divided on the one and only ground which is the “raison d’etre” of the society, are one in the society in love of country, and in the passionate desire to help and heal which inspires all true women."
Monday, October 29, 2007
A Soldier before the Courts
This article appeared in the Eastbourne Gazette on 25th July 1917.
The soldier obviously thought he was hard done by, but the magistrate was more concerned about his ‘state of mine.’
"The Justice of a Soldier
"William Riley, on remand, was charged with being an absentee. He was a private in the Canadian regiment, and had been stationed at Seaford.
Police-constable Morris said he saw the prisoner, who was unshaven, and asked him if he had a pass, to which he replied, “I am a discharged soldier; I don’t want a pass.” He did not believe the prisoner whom he arrested. He had a dandy brush and two curry combs in his possession at the time.
The Chief Constable (Major Teale) said he had not been able to find out anything about the prisoner and requested a further remand for another week.
Prisoner – “Can I have the justice of a soldier?”
The Magistrates Clerk (Mr. E.O Langham) – “Certainly.”
Prisoner – “Then can I smoke in my cell? I am entitled to a smoke. A burglar gets a smoke.”
The Mayor said a remand would be granted, and prisoner must obey the police regulations. It was ordered that his state of mind should be enquired into."
The soldier obviously thought he was hard done by, but the magistrate was more concerned about his ‘state of mine.’
"The Justice of a Soldier
"William Riley, on remand, was charged with being an absentee. He was a private in the Canadian regiment, and had been stationed at Seaford.
Police-constable Morris said he saw the prisoner, who was unshaven, and asked him if he had a pass, to which he replied, “I am a discharged soldier; I don’t want a pass.” He did not believe the prisoner whom he arrested. He had a dandy brush and two curry combs in his possession at the time.
The Chief Constable (Major Teale) said he had not been able to find out anything about the prisoner and requested a further remand for another week.
Prisoner – “Can I have the justice of a soldier?”
The Magistrates Clerk (Mr. E.O Langham) – “Certainly.”
Prisoner – “Then can I smoke in my cell? I am entitled to a smoke. A burglar gets a smoke.”
The Mayor said a remand would be granted, and prisoner must obey the police regulations. It was ordered that his state of mind should be enquired into."
Tuesday, October 23, 2007
Eastbourne's Military Tribunals
Military Tribunals came into being in 1915 as a result of the National Registration Bill that required all men and women between the ages of 15 and 65 to register. This Bill paved the way for the Derby Scheme which had a foundation that men between the ages of 18 and 41 should sign up or attest. Originally, they would only be called up for military service as and when needed dependant on marital status and importance of their jobs to the war effort. It was hoped to call up the single unemployed men first.
However, conscription was finally introduced in January 1916 under the Military Service Act and in May 1916, the Second Military Service Act made all men between the ages of 18 and 41 liable for military service. The Act graded all potential recruits according to medical fitness. If a man wanted to apply for an exemption from fighting he had to appear before a local tribunal. Eastbourne had three tribunals running namely: The Eastbourne Borough Tribunal, The East Sussex District Appeal Tribunal and The Eastbourne Rural Tribunal.
The Tribunals were made up of men of influence in the town, mostly councillors and magistrates and met weekly. There were also present representatives from the war ministry, who would put forward the case for conscription. The most famous Eastbourne representative was the formidable Mr. M.H. Beattie who was renowned for his vigour in getting everybody he could to the front. He was often challenged himself, for not joining up but was over the age for military service. However, as soon as the age limit was raised he confounded his critics by volunteering and served in France in 1918 as an officer.
Special mention should be made of Mr. Norfolk Megone, the conductor of Devonshire Park Orchestra who had to attend many, many meetings in order to fight for exemptions for his musicians. In one tribunal defending one of his musicians, he was up against Mr Beattie who was reported to say “This man would not be taken as he is passed fit for garrison duty. As a musician he is of no use to the nation. As a soldier he would be of some use.”
The Eastbourne Gazette, Four page pull-out on 20th December 1916 “How Eastbourne has provided Men and Money” provides an insight (albeit a rather ‘Flowery’ one) into the works of the tribunals and their members:-
"Three Tribunals
Frequent Sittings at Eastbourne
Almost Unexampled Patience
Three tribunals are holding frequent sittings at Eastbourne and naturally enough, their proceedings are keenly scrutinized and subjected to criticism which is sometimes friendly and sometimes very much the reverse. Men who for various reasons consider that they have a right to claim exemption are not likely to accept unfavourable decisions with equanimity. The wonder is not that protests are occasionally made, but that they are not more frequent, angry and empathic.
The Major and the Bootmaker
The Chairman of the Eastbourne Borough Tribunal (Major Harold P. Molineux, J.P), has attended the great majority of the sittings, his absence during a period of some weeks due to regrettable fact that he was summoned to France; where his son (Lieutenant Molineux) had sustained injuries of a very server character whilst engaged in the performance of his military duties on the Western Front. The other members of the tribunal are the Mayor (Alderman C. O’Brien Harding, J.P.), the Deputy Mayor (Councillor C.W. Bolton, C.S.I., J.P.), Alderman Edward Duke, J.P., Mr. Claude Bishop, J.P., Mr. C. Peerless Dennis (representing the Master Builders’ Association), Mr. T.B. Hasdell, Mr. R.J. Mines (representing the Labour interest) and Mrs. Campbell (St. Brannocks).
Deeply moved at the threatened loss of his only workman, a bootmaker uttered some earnest words of expostulation, pointing out the seriousness of the deprivation.
“You have the right to appeal, go and appeal!” exclaimed and irritated member of the Tribunal.
“We believe every word you have said!” These words spoken by Major Moilneux , in his clearest and most kindly tone, had an instant effect on the bootmaker, who went away consoled, if not satisfied. The worthy man deserves every consideration as he devotes himself to making improved footwear for the people who suffer torture when their boots are badly shaped and ill-fitting.
The Military Representative (Mr. M.H. Beattie) always suave and imperturbable has a keen sense of humour and he has assistance from Mr. W.W. Hugill and Mr. Jennison. The clerk is Mr. H.W. Fovargue and the assistant Clerk Mr. E.W. Batchelor.
It should be mentioned that nearly all the members of the tribunals have sons, brothers, or other near relatives at the Front. Mr. Beattie has two sons who have been in the thick of the fray, one of them having been wounded. The much discussed Mr. Beattie finds his work as military representative leaves him practically no leisure; he performs duties gratuitously and believing he is of some use, he retains the position in spite of the fact that he has been offered highly paid appointments.
An Urbane and Debonair Chaiman.
In Major R.L. Thornton, J.P., (High Cross, Framfield), the East Sussed District Appeal Tribunal has an experienced, able and courtly Chairman; and he is supported at the sittings at Eastbourne by Mr. E.J. Gorringe, J.P., (farmer of Chyngton, Seaford), Mr. T. Pargeter (a railway employee from Newhaven) and two Eastbourne town councillors, Mr. Stephen N. Fox, J.P., (barrister), and Mr. F.J. Huggett (town postman). Major W.W. Grantham (a very stalwart and soldierly figure in his perfect fitting khaki uniform) acts as military representative and Mr. Montague Harris (barrister) acts as clerk.
A conscientious objector, who had met with censure and criticism at the Borough Tribunal, was pleasantly surprised at the marked urbanity of Major Thornton, who, of course, has no sympathy with the views of anyone opposed to the resolute prosecution of the war.
An Athletic Military Representative.
Last, but very far from least, we must mention the Eastbourne Rural Tribunal, over which Colonel C.W. Owen, C.M.G., C.I.E., presides with marked ability and unfailing courtesy. The Tribunal also includes the Rev. J.T. Burns (Rector of Berwick), the Rev A.A. Evans (Vicar of East Dean), Mr. Harold Matthews, Mr. J. Birch, Mr. Youell, Mr. F.J. Hickman, Mr. Charles Thomas, Mr. G. Hornsby, Mr. J. Lockhart Reid, and Mr. E.G. Smith. Mr. Alfred Hunt is the military representative and such is his zeal and energy that he seems to have acquired a perfectly astonishing knowledge of the district.
In one instance at least, Mr. Hunt’s kindly intervention was the means, we have reason to believe, of rescuing a family of young children from a position of profound misery and possible danger. The details of the case would be interesting, but under the circumstances it will be wise to withhold them.
Mr. Hunt attends the sittings of the East Sussex Appeals Tribunal. On one occasion a man who had refreshed himself not wisely but sufficiently well, was guilty of smoking and putting his feet on an expensive table in the Council Chamber. Mr. Hunt, who is a man of considerable vigour, suddenly seized the offender by the collar and evicted him bodily from the room. For this useful and unexpected service the athletic military representative in the Rural District received the smilingly expressed thanks of Major Thornton.
Mr. T.E. Varley Kirtlan is the clerk to the Eastbourne Rural Tribunal, which has certainly done its work exceedingly well.
Two Patient Patriots
The patient and patriotic endurance of some long-suffering residents has been subjected to the most severe strain imaginable. For example, the Rev. E.L. Brown is frequently seen at sittings of local tribunals and it is probable that he holds an undefeated record in respect of the number of attendances. The story is often told of Sir Henry Hawkins having sent – to one of the counsel engaged in an almost intolerably tedious lawsuit which was being heard before him – a piece of paper on which was inscribed the words, “Honourable mention, Job; gold medal, Mr. Justice Hawkins.” A list of awards corrected up to date would take this form:-
Diamond Star – The Rev E.L. Browne
Gold Medal – Mr. Justice Hawkins.
Honourable mention – Job.
As the head of St. Andrew’s School, Meads, Mr. Browne is responsible for the education of boys intended for the Navy and unless they are properly grounded in mathematics they are not likely to be able to serve their country to the extent expected of them in these days of scientific warfare. Mr. Browne is only too well aware of the vital importance of this branch of education. Several of his colleagues (former assistant masters) are serving, and some, alas! Have fallen. His object in attending the Tribunal has been to retain the services of a master, who is qualifies to teach mathematics on the most modern lines. At the Eastbourne Tribunal there have been several discussions. Councillor Bolton has spoken of the merits of Todhunter. The Mayor, who is of opinion that modern methods are essential, is regarded as particularly well qualified to speak on the subject, having shown on many occasions that he has what is popularly styled a head for figures.
When the local tribunal decided in Mr. Browne’s favour, the urbane military representative (Mr. M.H. Beattie) intimated that he must appeal. Instead of expressing anger at this announcement, Mr. Browne said he realised that Mr. Beattie was “only doing what he regarded as his duty.”
In due time the military appeal came before the East Sussex Tribunal. The Chairman (Major R.L. Thornton) asked whether there was an objection to his presiding during the hearing of the case as he had sent both his boys to Mr. Browne’s school.
Major W.W. Grantham, speaking on behalf of the military, said he should not think of raising any objection, and he added, “I have a nephew at St. Andrew’s. It is the best school I know of.”
In the performance of his public duties, Major Grantham favours neither personal nor political friends, as was shown in a notable instance some time ago. Having spoken as he did of St. Andrew’s, it might have been supposed that he would alter his attitude; but he said, “Although it is such a good school i must still ask for this mathematical master for military service.”
Mr. Browne, who was neither elated by compliments nor cast down by persistent opposition, acknowledged the friendly remarks recorded by saying that those concerned with the school did their best.
For the present he retains his mathematical master. But the members of the tribunals may see him again and they are evidently found of a discussion with him.
Another patient frequenter of tribunals is Mr. Norfolk Megone, who may possibly succeed in beating Mr. Browne’s record of attendances. The conductor of Devonshire Park Orchestra has to attend to give information in reference to musicians serving under him. He has spent many hours in the Council Chambers at the Town Hall – waiting! waiting! waiting!
When the court is cleared - by the Borough Tribunal – the members of the County Tribunal do not resort to such an inconsiderable practice - Mr. Megone withdraws with the solicitors and others to a more or less cold and draughty corridor. But not a word of complaint ever falls from his lips.
Others may contrast the charming affability and politeness of Major Thornton with the less agreeable action of some of the Borough Tribunal, but Mr. Megone’s good humour is always unruffled. He can ill spare the time which he spends in the Council Chamber, but he realises that it is his duty to give all the information that can be required of him and as might be expected of a gentleman with an Irish patronymic, he has relatives serving with the colours and has a full share of patriotic fervour.
In connection with the shortage of labour the question of advertising has been raised at the tribunals and “The Eastbourne Gazette” and “The Sussex County Herald” have been frequently mentioned by would-be employees. One point should ever be borne in mind by members of tribunals and others it is not sufficient to advertise care must be taken to word the advertisement in such a way as to encourage people to reply to it. "
A final note:
The Chairman of the Eastbourne Borough Tribunal (Major Harold P. Molineux, J.P), had a son killed in the First World War.
Captain George King Molineux of the 2nd Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers who died aged 28 on 5th May 1915 near Frenzenberg, Belgium. He has no know grave and is remembered on YPRES (MENIN GATE) MEMORIAL, Belgium.
(He was born on April 15th 1887, in Meads, Eastbourne and before the war he was a famous cricketer, playing for Oxford University and England).
However, conscription was finally introduced in January 1916 under the Military Service Act and in May 1916, the Second Military Service Act made all men between the ages of 18 and 41 liable for military service. The Act graded all potential recruits according to medical fitness. If a man wanted to apply for an exemption from fighting he had to appear before a local tribunal. Eastbourne had three tribunals running namely: The Eastbourne Borough Tribunal, The East Sussex District Appeal Tribunal and The Eastbourne Rural Tribunal.
The Tribunals were made up of men of influence in the town, mostly councillors and magistrates and met weekly. There were also present representatives from the war ministry, who would put forward the case for conscription. The most famous Eastbourne representative was the formidable Mr. M.H. Beattie who was renowned for his vigour in getting everybody he could to the front. He was often challenged himself, for not joining up but was over the age for military service. However, as soon as the age limit was raised he confounded his critics by volunteering and served in France in 1918 as an officer.
Special mention should be made of Mr. Norfolk Megone, the conductor of Devonshire Park Orchestra who had to attend many, many meetings in order to fight for exemptions for his musicians. In one tribunal defending one of his musicians, he was up against Mr Beattie who was reported to say “This man would not be taken as he is passed fit for garrison duty. As a musician he is of no use to the nation. As a soldier he would be of some use.”
The Eastbourne Gazette, Four page pull-out on 20th December 1916 “How Eastbourne has provided Men and Money” provides an insight (albeit a rather ‘Flowery’ one) into the works of the tribunals and their members:-
"Three Tribunals
Frequent Sittings at Eastbourne
Almost Unexampled Patience
Three tribunals are holding frequent sittings at Eastbourne and naturally enough, their proceedings are keenly scrutinized and subjected to criticism which is sometimes friendly and sometimes very much the reverse. Men who for various reasons consider that they have a right to claim exemption are not likely to accept unfavourable decisions with equanimity. The wonder is not that protests are occasionally made, but that they are not more frequent, angry and empathic.
The Major and the Bootmaker
The Chairman of the Eastbourne Borough Tribunal (Major Harold P. Molineux, J.P), has attended the great majority of the sittings, his absence during a period of some weeks due to regrettable fact that he was summoned to France; where his son (Lieutenant Molineux) had sustained injuries of a very server character whilst engaged in the performance of his military duties on the Western Front. The other members of the tribunal are the Mayor (Alderman C. O’Brien Harding, J.P.), the Deputy Mayor (Councillor C.W. Bolton, C.S.I., J.P.), Alderman Edward Duke, J.P., Mr. Claude Bishop, J.P., Mr. C. Peerless Dennis (representing the Master Builders’ Association), Mr. T.B. Hasdell, Mr. R.J. Mines (representing the Labour interest) and Mrs. Campbell (St. Brannocks).
Deeply moved at the threatened loss of his only workman, a bootmaker uttered some earnest words of expostulation, pointing out the seriousness of the deprivation.
“You have the right to appeal, go and appeal!” exclaimed and irritated member of the Tribunal.
“We believe every word you have said!” These words spoken by Major Moilneux , in his clearest and most kindly tone, had an instant effect on the bootmaker, who went away consoled, if not satisfied. The worthy man deserves every consideration as he devotes himself to making improved footwear for the people who suffer torture when their boots are badly shaped and ill-fitting.
The Military Representative (Mr. M.H. Beattie) always suave and imperturbable has a keen sense of humour and he has assistance from Mr. W.W. Hugill and Mr. Jennison. The clerk is Mr. H.W. Fovargue and the assistant Clerk Mr. E.W. Batchelor.
It should be mentioned that nearly all the members of the tribunals have sons, brothers, or other near relatives at the Front. Mr. Beattie has two sons who have been in the thick of the fray, one of them having been wounded. The much discussed Mr. Beattie finds his work as military representative leaves him practically no leisure; he performs duties gratuitously and believing he is of some use, he retains the position in spite of the fact that he has been offered highly paid appointments.
An Urbane and Debonair Chaiman.
In Major R.L. Thornton, J.P., (High Cross, Framfield), the East Sussed District Appeal Tribunal has an experienced, able and courtly Chairman; and he is supported at the sittings at Eastbourne by Mr. E.J. Gorringe, J.P., (farmer of Chyngton, Seaford), Mr. T. Pargeter (a railway employee from Newhaven) and two Eastbourne town councillors, Mr. Stephen N. Fox, J.P., (barrister), and Mr. F.J. Huggett (town postman). Major W.W. Grantham (a very stalwart and soldierly figure in his perfect fitting khaki uniform) acts as military representative and Mr. Montague Harris (barrister) acts as clerk.
A conscientious objector, who had met with censure and criticism at the Borough Tribunal, was pleasantly surprised at the marked urbanity of Major Thornton, who, of course, has no sympathy with the views of anyone opposed to the resolute prosecution of the war.
An Athletic Military Representative.
Last, but very far from least, we must mention the Eastbourne Rural Tribunal, over which Colonel C.W. Owen, C.M.G., C.I.E., presides with marked ability and unfailing courtesy. The Tribunal also includes the Rev. J.T. Burns (Rector of Berwick), the Rev A.A. Evans (Vicar of East Dean), Mr. Harold Matthews, Mr. J. Birch, Mr. Youell, Mr. F.J. Hickman, Mr. Charles Thomas, Mr. G. Hornsby, Mr. J. Lockhart Reid, and Mr. E.G. Smith. Mr. Alfred Hunt is the military representative and such is his zeal and energy that he seems to have acquired a perfectly astonishing knowledge of the district.
In one instance at least, Mr. Hunt’s kindly intervention was the means, we have reason to believe, of rescuing a family of young children from a position of profound misery and possible danger. The details of the case would be interesting, but under the circumstances it will be wise to withhold them.
Mr. Hunt attends the sittings of the East Sussex Appeals Tribunal. On one occasion a man who had refreshed himself not wisely but sufficiently well, was guilty of smoking and putting his feet on an expensive table in the Council Chamber. Mr. Hunt, who is a man of considerable vigour, suddenly seized the offender by the collar and evicted him bodily from the room. For this useful and unexpected service the athletic military representative in the Rural District received the smilingly expressed thanks of Major Thornton.
Mr. T.E. Varley Kirtlan is the clerk to the Eastbourne Rural Tribunal, which has certainly done its work exceedingly well.
Two Patient Patriots
The patient and patriotic endurance of some long-suffering residents has been subjected to the most severe strain imaginable. For example, the Rev. E.L. Brown is frequently seen at sittings of local tribunals and it is probable that he holds an undefeated record in respect of the number of attendances. The story is often told of Sir Henry Hawkins having sent – to one of the counsel engaged in an almost intolerably tedious lawsuit which was being heard before him – a piece of paper on which was inscribed the words, “Honourable mention, Job; gold medal, Mr. Justice Hawkins.” A list of awards corrected up to date would take this form:-
Diamond Star – The Rev E.L. Browne
Gold Medal – Mr. Justice Hawkins.
Honourable mention – Job.
As the head of St. Andrew’s School, Meads, Mr. Browne is responsible for the education of boys intended for the Navy and unless they are properly grounded in mathematics they are not likely to be able to serve their country to the extent expected of them in these days of scientific warfare. Mr. Browne is only too well aware of the vital importance of this branch of education. Several of his colleagues (former assistant masters) are serving, and some, alas! Have fallen. His object in attending the Tribunal has been to retain the services of a master, who is qualifies to teach mathematics on the most modern lines. At the Eastbourne Tribunal there have been several discussions. Councillor Bolton has spoken of the merits of Todhunter. The Mayor, who is of opinion that modern methods are essential, is regarded as particularly well qualified to speak on the subject, having shown on many occasions that he has what is popularly styled a head for figures.
When the local tribunal decided in Mr. Browne’s favour, the urbane military representative (Mr. M.H. Beattie) intimated that he must appeal. Instead of expressing anger at this announcement, Mr. Browne said he realised that Mr. Beattie was “only doing what he regarded as his duty.”
In due time the military appeal came before the East Sussex Tribunal. The Chairman (Major R.L. Thornton) asked whether there was an objection to his presiding during the hearing of the case as he had sent both his boys to Mr. Browne’s school.
Major W.W. Grantham, speaking on behalf of the military, said he should not think of raising any objection, and he added, “I have a nephew at St. Andrew’s. It is the best school I know of.”
In the performance of his public duties, Major Grantham favours neither personal nor political friends, as was shown in a notable instance some time ago. Having spoken as he did of St. Andrew’s, it might have been supposed that he would alter his attitude; but he said, “Although it is such a good school i must still ask for this mathematical master for military service.”
Mr. Browne, who was neither elated by compliments nor cast down by persistent opposition, acknowledged the friendly remarks recorded by saying that those concerned with the school did their best.
For the present he retains his mathematical master. But the members of the tribunals may see him again and they are evidently found of a discussion with him.
Another patient frequenter of tribunals is Mr. Norfolk Megone, who may possibly succeed in beating Mr. Browne’s record of attendances. The conductor of Devonshire Park Orchestra has to attend to give information in reference to musicians serving under him. He has spent many hours in the Council Chambers at the Town Hall – waiting! waiting! waiting!
When the court is cleared - by the Borough Tribunal – the members of the County Tribunal do not resort to such an inconsiderable practice - Mr. Megone withdraws with the solicitors and others to a more or less cold and draughty corridor. But not a word of complaint ever falls from his lips.
Others may contrast the charming affability and politeness of Major Thornton with the less agreeable action of some of the Borough Tribunal, but Mr. Megone’s good humour is always unruffled. He can ill spare the time which he spends in the Council Chamber, but he realises that it is his duty to give all the information that can be required of him and as might be expected of a gentleman with an Irish patronymic, he has relatives serving with the colours and has a full share of patriotic fervour.
In connection with the shortage of labour the question of advertising has been raised at the tribunals and “The Eastbourne Gazette” and “The Sussex County Herald” have been frequently mentioned by would-be employees. One point should ever be borne in mind by members of tribunals and others it is not sufficient to advertise care must be taken to word the advertisement in such a way as to encourage people to reply to it. "
A final note:
The Chairman of the Eastbourne Borough Tribunal (Major Harold P. Molineux, J.P), had a son killed in the First World War.
Captain George King Molineux of the 2nd Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers who died aged 28 on 5th May 1915 near Frenzenberg, Belgium. He has no know grave and is remembered on YPRES (MENIN GATE) MEMORIAL, Belgium.
(He was born on April 15th 1887, in Meads, Eastbourne and before the war he was a famous cricketer, playing for Oxford University and England).
Monday, October 22, 2007
The First Reports of the Battle of 'Boar's Head,
On 30th June 1916 the Southdowns Battalions took a major part in their first battle. It was a diversionary operation at the village of Richebourg L’Avoue in northern France. A set piece battle had been planned to straighten out the line of a German position known as Boar’s Head.
The first reports started to trickle back in early July 1916 together with the start of the Battle of the Somme which was further south. The casualties from the the Somme were enormous, in fact the 1st July 1916 was the worst day in the history of the British Army; 60,000 casualties either, dead, wounded or missing.
The Battle of 'Boar's Head' has today been largerly forgotten about, in fact many books about that time do not even mention it. The cost to the three South Downs Battalions and to the people of Sussex was terrible. The total causalities were 15 Officers and 364 other ranks killed or died of wounds and 21 Officers and 728 other ranks wounded. In total nearly 1,100. A conservative count of men killed coming from Eastbourne alone stands at 47, hardly a town in the county escaped without some casualties.
The Eastbourne Gazette on the 5th July 1916 carried the first reports as the wounded arrived .
Cheery Wounded
"Several of the men who arrived at Eastbourne on Sunday night have been serving in the Southdowns battalions of the Royal Sussex Regiment; and we hear that most of them were wounded in the fighting last Friday. They are all bright and cheerful. A gentleman who visited a hospital ward on Monday was spoken to by the men who said, “We are in disgrace today. We have been laughing ever since we have been in here.”
The ambulance brought 142 men – eighty cot cases and sixty-two sitting cases. "
A week later on 12th July 1916, the Eastbourne Gazette received more information from a wounded soldier.
Southdowns in Action
Terrific Artillery Fire on Both Sides
Eastbourne Man Wounded Twice
"In August 1914, Private Leonard P. Newham (eldest son of Mr. L.G Newham, a director of Bobby & Co, Ltd.) joined the band of the 11th (Southdown) Battalion of the Royal Sussex Regiment: and has been serving in France for several months. The strictness of military regulations precludes our giving the exact position of the troops engaged in the recent fighting. Private Newman, it appears, was wounded on July 1st and he seems to have written without delay a very cheery letter, from which it would seem that the Southdowns have emerged with credit from a severe ordeal.
“I am more than thankful that I escaped with this little lot. My wounds are only slight.
My word! It was a strafe! Our Brigade had a job to do and they did it, although the odds were against them. The artillery firing on both sides was simply terrific.
I was first wounded in the left forearm by a small piece of Shrapnel. While I was dressing a comrades wounds a shell burst somewhere near, and I stopped one piece with my right thigh.
Neither of my wounds was very serious. I dressed my leg and a sergeant did my arm, I fell in with Percy Clack (formerly of the cabinet department in Bobby & Co.’s) and walked with him till a piece of earth or something caught me and knocked nearly all the wind out of me.
I went up to the aid-post with two walking cases. The trench was smashed up in several places and was still being heavily shelled.
I proceeded to the advanced dressing station, and the enemy shelled that place, but no one was killed although on of the R.A.M.C. doctors received a wound in the head.
It was a marvellous thing that no more mischief was done, for dozens of men were lying practically helpless.
I met two or three of our fellows afterwards, and we all agreed it was the roughest time we had had.”
Private Newham is now in hospital at Colchester.
Mr. L.G. Newham second son (Sapper Hugh M. Newham) is serving in the Royal Engineers, and is in hospital at Maidenhead."
Private L.P Newham survived the war, Private Percy Clack the friend he mentions, (SD/156) died on 18th September 1918 aged 21 and is buried in STE. EMILIE VALLEY CEMETERY, VILLERS-FAUCON, France.
The first reports started to trickle back in early July 1916 together with the start of the Battle of the Somme which was further south. The casualties from the the Somme were enormous, in fact the 1st July 1916 was the worst day in the history of the British Army; 60,000 casualties either, dead, wounded or missing.
The Battle of 'Boar's Head' has today been largerly forgotten about, in fact many books about that time do not even mention it. The cost to the three South Downs Battalions and to the people of Sussex was terrible. The total causalities were 15 Officers and 364 other ranks killed or died of wounds and 21 Officers and 728 other ranks wounded. In total nearly 1,100. A conservative count of men killed coming from Eastbourne alone stands at 47, hardly a town in the county escaped without some casualties.
The Eastbourne Gazette on the 5th July 1916 carried the first reports as the wounded arrived .
Cheery Wounded
"Several of the men who arrived at Eastbourne on Sunday night have been serving in the Southdowns battalions of the Royal Sussex Regiment; and we hear that most of them were wounded in the fighting last Friday. They are all bright and cheerful. A gentleman who visited a hospital ward on Monday was spoken to by the men who said, “We are in disgrace today. We have been laughing ever since we have been in here.”
The ambulance brought 142 men – eighty cot cases and sixty-two sitting cases. "
A week later on 12th July 1916, the Eastbourne Gazette received more information from a wounded soldier.
Southdowns in Action
Terrific Artillery Fire on Both Sides
Eastbourne Man Wounded Twice
"In August 1914, Private Leonard P. Newham (eldest son of Mr. L.G Newham, a director of Bobby & Co, Ltd.) joined the band of the 11th (Southdown) Battalion of the Royal Sussex Regiment: and has been serving in France for several months. The strictness of military regulations precludes our giving the exact position of the troops engaged in the recent fighting. Private Newman, it appears, was wounded on July 1st and he seems to have written without delay a very cheery letter, from which it would seem that the Southdowns have emerged with credit from a severe ordeal.
“I am more than thankful that I escaped with this little lot. My wounds are only slight.
My word! It was a strafe! Our Brigade had a job to do and they did it, although the odds were against them. The artillery firing on both sides was simply terrific.
I was first wounded in the left forearm by a small piece of Shrapnel. While I was dressing a comrades wounds a shell burst somewhere near, and I stopped one piece with my right thigh.
Neither of my wounds was very serious. I dressed my leg and a sergeant did my arm, I fell in with Percy Clack (formerly of the cabinet department in Bobby & Co.’s) and walked with him till a piece of earth or something caught me and knocked nearly all the wind out of me.
I went up to the aid-post with two walking cases. The trench was smashed up in several places and was still being heavily shelled.
I proceeded to the advanced dressing station, and the enemy shelled that place, but no one was killed although on of the R.A.M.C. doctors received a wound in the head.
It was a marvellous thing that no more mischief was done, for dozens of men were lying practically helpless.
I met two or three of our fellows afterwards, and we all agreed it was the roughest time we had had.”
Private Newham is now in hospital at Colchester.
Mr. L.G. Newham second son (Sapper Hugh M. Newham) is serving in the Royal Engineers, and is in hospital at Maidenhead."
Private L.P Newham survived the war, Private Percy Clack the friend he mentions, (SD/156) died on 18th September 1918 aged 21 and is buried in STE. EMILIE VALLEY CEMETERY, VILLERS-FAUCON, France.
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